Nguyên nhân gây ra bệnh Leptospira ở chó
Bệnh Lepto hay còn gọi là bệnh xoắn khuẩn, do khuẩn Leptospira gây ra.
Bệnh có thể lây lan trực tiếp từ nguồn nước, thức ăn chứa khuẩn; hoặc lây từ các động vật trung gian mang mầm bệnh như chuột, chó, mèo…
Xoắn khuẩn Leptospira có khả năng xâm nhập qua vết xây xát của da, niêm mạc; lây qua đường tiêu hóa do thức ăn, nước uống nhiễm mầm bệnh, đường sinh dục…
Biểu hiện bệnh Leptospira ở chó
khuẩn Leptospira đến gan, thận.
Các biểu hiện của chó chia bệnh ra thành 3 thể:
Thể quá cấp tính: Xảy ra đột ngột, chó sốt cao 40,5 – 41°C, bỏ ăn, mệt mỏi, thích nằm, mắt lờ đờ, hai chân sau yếu, có hiện tượng xung huyết kết mạc.. Sau đó thân nhiệt giảm xuống tới 37 – 38°C, chó ủ rũ, khó thở, khát nước, nôn mửa. Niêm mạc và da vàng sẫm, nước tiểu vàng. Có thể chảy máu mũi và nôn ra máu, chó gầy nhanh, thân nhiệt hạ, khó thở rồi chết trong vòng 3 – 5 ngày.
Thể cấp tính: Sốt cao 40,5 – 41,5°C, mệt mỏi, ít ăn hoặc bỏ ăn. Lúc đầu táo bón, phân có màu vàng, sau đó có một số con tiêu chảy. Niêm mạc, da vàng sẫm, nước tiểu vàng hoặc nâu vì có nhiều huyết cầu bị phá hủy, có khi lẫn máu. Phù thũng ở mí mắt, môi, má và hoại tử da. Tiếp theo là suy thận và gan, nhiễm trùng máu, khó thở rồi dẫn tới tử vong
Thể mãn tính: Chó gầy yếu, rụng lông, thiếu máu, đôi khi phù thũng ở mặt, yếm và ngực. Nước tiểu vàng, tiêu chảy dai dẳng, con cái bị sảy thai.
Phòng ngừa bệnh leptospira ở chó
Di chứng của bệnh để lại là cực kỳ nặng nề nếu chó được chữa khỏi, vì vậy hãy và nên phòng ngừa bệnh là cách tốt nhất, các biện pháp hữu hiệu để phòng bệnh:
- Cách ly chó khỏe với chó bệnh là điều mà bạn nên làm đầu tiên ngay khi thấy chó khác có biểu hiện bệnh để tránh lây lan.
- Vệ sinh, sát trùng sạch sẽ nơi ở, đồ chơi của chó để tránh lây lan mầm bệnh.
- Không cho ăn thức ăn tươi sống và thức ăn hư hỏng, bẩn…
- Tiêm phòng vắc-xin định kỳ theo chỉ dẫn của bác sĩ.
- Tăng cường đề kháng cho chó bằng cách bổ sung các vitamin và dinh dưỡng đầy đủ.
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